diet for 14 year old boy to gain weight

yo what's going on, guys? troy here with weightgainnetwork.com.i'm chillin inside l.a. urban fitness, one of my favorite supplement stores in the l.a.area. if you guys are anywhere in marina del rey or santa monica, california, make sureyou guys check it out. they've got a sick selection. i want to get right into the best proteinpowders for naturally skinny guys.

diet for 14 year old boy to gain weight, being a naturally skinny guy, being an ectomorph,you got to keep in mind that you have a really fast metabolism. i'm also assuming in thisvideo that you guys can only afford one quality protein powder a month. in a perfect world,you're going to want that really rapid-digesting protein post-workout; you're going to wantthat really slow-digesting protein right before

you go to bed, and then you're going to wantthat meal replacement protein. but the three proteins i'm going to recommendto you guys actually are going to achieve all three because i have a blend of six differentkinds of proteins, which is perfect for big and naturally skinny guys. you have the reallyrapid-digesting protein like your isolate, your hydrolyzed protein. you have the medium-digestingproteins like your eggs and your whey protein concentrate. and then you have the reallyslow-digesting form of protein – the casein protein that'll keep you guys full; it'llkeep drip-feeding your muscles with all those amino acids. so i want to get right into my three favoriteprotein powders for naturally skinny guys,

and these are three of the more mainstreamprotein powders. you guys should be able to pick them up on bodybuilding.com or amazon.com,or essentially any of the major nutrition and supplement websites. first up – this is a newer one. it's actuallyone that i've been taking recently. this is combat protein powder by muscle pharm, andthe thing that i really like about combat protein powder here is it has 25 grams ofprotein per serving and it also has a really high amount of branched-chain amino acidsand l-glutamine. glutamine is going to naturally boost your immune system, so if you're goingto the gym, you're hitting all those compound exercises – i hope – really hard, you'redoing your deadlift and your squat and all

those awesome compound exercises, and you'rebreaking down your body, and your body is – you're actually lowering your immune system.you're entering a state of – a catabolic state, so by having lots of glutamine alongwith your protein post-workout, this is going to help your body recover quicker, help youguys turn into a machine. and it also has those branched-chain aminoacids, your body's most important amino acids for going from the state of catabolism togetting in that muscle-building, anabolic state. it's got all six proteins here – excuseme, this one has five. it's an eight-hour release of five protein sources, so it's gotyour fast-release, your medium-release and your slow-release, so you guys are coveredthere. it also has really low sugar – just

1.5 grams of sugar. obviously when you'retaking it post-workout, you want to spike your insulin but just as a quality meal replacementshake. this is going to drip-feed your muscles with really good amino acids; it's delicious,and i highly recommend combat protein powder. next up we got muscle tech phase 8. now supposedlyphil heath takes this stuff. he's pretty big if you've seen him before, but this is themulti-phase, eight-hour protein. a lot of that's just marketing you know, some say it'ssix hours, some say eight, some say nine – all three of these proteins are essentially thesame thing. with that being said, muscle tech phase 8, it's got the same thing – it'sgot your slow, medium and fast-release protein powders. it's got some digestive enzymes thathelp your body break down protein easier,

and only 2 grams of fat, no grams of sugar,7 carbs and most importantly, it's going to give your body an abundance of quality aminoacids. when you buy stuff like this, you can takeit post-workout. it's got some fast-digesting proteins; you can take it even before yougo to bed because it's going to slowly release these amino acids into your bloodstream. soyou can really kill two birds with one stone and use this stuff post-workout and even beforeyou go to bed, being a naturally skinny guy. so muscle tech phase 8 – another reallyhigh-quality ingredient profile. and last but not least, syntha-6. this stuffprobably tastes the best out of all of them. this is a new one here – peanut butter cookie.i mean, i've had this stuff before; it literally

tastes like a milkshake. the thing about this stuff, i would only recommendit to the really serious hardgainer. it's got a ton of carbs in it; it only has 2 gramsof sugar, but you're looking at about 15 carbohydrates per serving, so it's got a lot more carbsthan the combat protein powder and the phase 8. but if you guys just started working out,you guys are in-between the ages of 14 and 18 and you're a really serious hardgainer,the extra carbs are sure not going to hurt you, and this still has an abundance of branched-chainamino acids and l-glutamine. we have 22 grams of protein per serving; it's got a few morefiller ingredients, but if you guys don't like the taste of some of these other proteinpowders, i promise you, you guys will love

this. and most importantly, if you enjoy thetaste, you guys are going to drink it more and be excited to drink it post-workout andbefore you go to bed and as a meal replacement. like this one, they advertise “use anytime,day or night” and being a naturally skinny guy, that is ideal for you. and let's seehere – we have the whey protein concentrate, the isolate, the casein, the milk protein,the egg protein, the glutamine, the branched-chain amino acids, so all the stuff that the othertwo have, just a few more filler, but syntha-6 is another high-quality protein for you naturallyskinny guys to bulk up and gain lean muscle mass. so those were my three favorite proteinpowders for naturally skinny guys to build muscle.

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diet for 14 year old athlete

>> [applause].>> at just three years old, our next guest is a gymnastics prodigy who already hasover 50,000 followers on instagram. from el paso, texas,please welcome emma and her mom, annie. so, hi, emma,you're three years old, right? >> yep.

diet for 14 year old athlete, >> and,when did you start doing gymnastics? >> when i was two and a half. >> when you were two and a half? so really, just six months ago,you started.

anyway. >> [laugh]>> how did she get started so early? >> she was incredibly clumsy and i washoping that gymnastics would help with it. they said that she has a talent forit and they started moving her up and we've been going strong for a while now. >> have you or your husband donegymnastics done gymnastics? >> no. >> no one in the family? >> look at those muscles,you're very, very strong, aren't you?

very strong, and sowho's your favorite gymnastic person? >> who's your favorite gymnast? >> gabby douglas, andshe won a gold medal at the olympics. >> if i would've said gymnast,you would've known what i was saying, instead of gymnastic person. i messed it up. >> [laugh]>> gabby is amazing, she's been on the show before,she's really incredible, isn't she? why do you like her so much?

>> cuz, i like her leotard andshe won a gold medal at the olympics. >> she did win a gold medal. yeah, that's really impressive. what is your favoritething to do in gymnastics? >> bars and my backbends andmy back handsprings. >> back handsprings? wow.>> yeah. >> do you get scared of falling ever,emma? >> no, cuz i will get back up.

>> [applause]>> that is a wonderful thing to say. you just get back up when you fall,of course you do. so, i understand your daddy is,where is your daddy? >> in korea. >> he's in korea,he's in the army, is that right? >> yes. >> how long is he there? >> he's gonna be there for a year. >> a year?>> yes.

>> do they get to talk andsee each other, facetime? >> yeah, she gets to facetime him now. the first week or so we didn't, butnow we get to talk to him all the time. >> uh-huh. he did something reallysweet when he left. what did he leave you? >> a daddy kiss jar. >> a daddy kiss jar and so there'sa kiss for every single day that, so it's a kiss from yourdaddy every single day?

>> mm-hm. >> that's really sweet. do you sometimes stealmore kisses than one? >> [laugh]>> not since she got caught. [laugh]>> i see. i see. >> she thought if she would steal them, that the days would go by a littlebit faster until he's back. so she would just sneak them.

but she got caught andshe won't do it again. [laugh]>> aw, that is really sweet. okay, there's so many things over here. you're gonna perform for us, right emma? >> right. >> here we go, let's go. >> [applause] >> wow. >> [applause]>> let's go this way.

that's certainly not clumsy, is it? >> [laugh]>> can you try your press handstand? can you go all the way up? okay. >> [applause]>> wow! >> [applause]>> do you want to show your kick over? can you show your kick over? okay, sit down. >> [applause].

>> wow! >> [applause]>> do you wanna show your favorite skill? [inaudible] let's do your favorite. can you do your special split? >> [applause]>> can you do your? >> [laugh] >> [applause]>> you wanna show your backhand spring now? can you go all the way over there?

how many you gonna show? >> three. >> okay.>> [applause] >> yay! >> i'm so proud of you! >> let's go down here cuz ihave a little surprise for you. >> okay. >> let's come down here. >> [applause]>> first of all,

that was so good, that was so,i can't believe how good you are. okay, so you have your kiss jarfrom your daddy everyday, right? okay, if you want more than that,i got you something. >> [laugh]>> [applause] >> ellen hugs. >> [applause]>> that's a lot of kisses. >> it's kisses. and then with your daddy's kisses,you get an ellen hug every single day. >> aw, can you tell her thank you andgive her a hug?

>> thank you. >> your welcome.

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dangerous fad diets list

when it comes to healthy eating, nutritionistsknow what’s up. they’re professionally trained in how totake in the optimal balance of nutrients. "apples, berries, pears, watermelons..." "uhh… corn-dogs." so, when we picture a typical nutritionist,we often think of a glowing young woman who

dangerous fad diets list, has a green smoothie for breakfast, packeda salad for lunch, and roasts some veggies for dinner. her cheat day? kale chips.

so, maybe she spends some days like this,but nutritionists also know a little secret: food isn’t good or bad. we’re not "good" for eating a salad or "bad"for eating a pizza. in fact, the academy of nutrition and dieteticssays that classifying certain foods like that only leads to confusion and unhealthy eating. they also skip fads, like: "the instagram diet. that’s where you order whatever you want,take a picture of it, post it, throw it in the garbage.

tweet it, don’t eat it." "i don’t wanna do that one." we could all learn a little something fromnutritionists when it comes to balance. here are some foods you thought were unhealthy,but are actually good for you! "so good, so good, so good, so good." eggs notice we're talking about eggs, not justegg whites. yes, girl, eat those yolks! a whole egg contains six grams of proteinand only seventy calories.

the egg yolk itself is a rich source of choline,which is an anti-inflammatory nutrient. it not only protects from neurological disease,but also helps produce those happy chemicals like serotonin and dopamine. if you've been sticking with a little granolaor fruit in the morning with the hopes of dropping a few pounds, don't be afraid toadd some eggs to your plate. a study in the international journal of obesityfound that dieters who ate eggs for breakfast lost a whopping 65 percent more weight thanthose who had a bagel with the equal amount of calories! eggs are healthy, but omelets loaded withcheese and cooked in butter?

not so much. spray a pan with a little evoo, and throwsome veggies in your scramble. "e-g-g-s, e-g-g-s, e-g-g-s, eggs! e-g-g-s, e-g-g-s, e-g-g-s... potatoes potatoes were friend-zoned during the low-carbcraze of the '90s. but now you can get your crush back on withspuds! potatoes are loaded with nutrients like vitaminc, vitamin b, iron, potassium, and fiber. they also contain the new nutrition buzzwords,"resistance starch."

it’s the type of starch that gives you thatfull feeling, but the body doesn’t absorb it. enjoying a baked potato or oven-baked frieswon’t derail your diet. the secret is to be choosy with toppings. nutritionists choose a small amount of oneor two of their favorites, then load up with veggies. pasta don't ditch your macaroni all together. whole grain pasta is a great source of energyand fiber.

just aim to match the same amounts of pastaand vegetables on your plate — like onions, peppers, zucchini, spinach, and broccoli. balance out the starch of the pasta with somehealthy fats like olive oil or nuts, and lean protein like chicken or fish. "if you do it the way your grandmother tellsyou to do, you never go wrong. let’s have a good time." beer you don't have to skip happy hour with yourco-workers to live a healthy lifestyle. your favorite nutritionist isn’t avoidingthe bar at all costs.

she's just being smart about portions. beer is a rich source of carbohydrates andantioxidants. for women, "moderate drinking" means no morethan one drink per day. having a beer might even lower your risk forheart disease and stroke. "you, me, beer, baseball — what more coulda guy want?" "ughhhh" coffee it's easy to beat yourself up for feelingdependent on caffeine, but maybe it's time to stop with the anti-coffee crusade.

in moderation, coffee can absolutely be partof a healthy diet. not only is it loaded with antioxidants, butit's been linked to a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. opt for black coffee with a little non-fator nut milk. skip the sugary creamers. avoid the jitters by limiting yourself toone cup each morning. after that, switch to water to hydrate. "marsha" "and when it's ready, verisimo's voice featurewill let you know."

"amorfa. order for amorfa." raisins we’re often told to steer clear of driedfruit, because of their sugar levels. fresh is always best, but don't pick the raisinsout of your trail mix just yet. unlike other dried fruits, raisins don't containadded sugar or fruit juice. grapes aren’t tart, so they don't need anyadded sweetness. just remember that portion sizes are stillimportant. one cup of grapes is equal to about one-fourthcup of raisins.

toss some in with your yogurt, nuts, or celerysnack in the afternoon. "i wanna be creative with raisins, i use sun-maid. i wouldn’t dream of giving my family anythingless." peanut butter yes, peanut butter is high in fat, so portioncontrol is key, but don't give up on your beloved pb&j just yet. studies have shown that people who eat peanutbutter regularly are actually healthier overall. peanut butter is high in protein, which helpsyou feel full. make sure to opt for natural peanut butter.

other types can have a little junk in theirtrunks — like high fructose corn syrup and trans fats. "it's peanut butter jelly time! peanut butter jelly time! where he at? where he at?!" bread the next time your dieting friend practicallyslaps the waiter for bringing a bread basket to the table, share the good news.

bread is not the enemy. in fact, bread can be incredibly nutritiousand won’t sabotage your weight-loss efforts — if you select the right kind. "i. love. bread." stick with whole grain, because it containsall parts of the kernel — which means it contains all the natural nutrients. refined, white bread, has been stripped ofthe bran and germ, which contain most of bread's fiber and vitamins.

"bake it well, make it ring the bell" bacon nutritionists don't deprive themselves ofthe food they love most. but when it comes to bacon? small portions are the way to go. bacon’s gotten a bad rap because it’shigh in saturated fat. but the women's health initiative, which studiedover 20,000 women, found no evidence that a low-fat diet protected against heart disease. in fact, enjoying some fat in your diet willhelp you feel full and satisfied — and is

even associated with improved weight loss. "is that bacon?" "yeah" "you hate it when i eat bacon." so if you're a bacon addict, try using itas a topping instead of the main course. birthday cake yes, birthday cake, sugar cookies, and pastriesare still okay to eat. "i have no interest in dieting. i’ll get there.

it’ll happen." but nutritionists know when the splurge isworth it — on special occasions only. we've all felt that smug satisfaction of passingon dessert at the party, only to go home and eat an entire pan of brownies. treat yourself when it's worth it, and passwhen it's not. according to the academy of nutrition anddietetics, all foods can fit into a healthy diet when consumed in moderation, in smallportions, and when eating in tandem with exercise. "i’m in love. i’m having a relationship with my pizza."

by allowing yourself to taste your favoritefoods once in awhile, you'll strike that healthy balance that expert nutritionists enjoy! thanks for watching! click the list icon to subscribe to our youtubechannel. plus, check out this other cool stuff we knowyou'll love too!

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crazy fad diets list

so, what do you have here? - i have salty and sweet. salty and sweet. so which one is the strongest? - the sweet right now. okay. and, and...

crazy fad diets list, some of you still have a little bit. is that true? okay. associate to whatever it is. now, how do you know that it is important? this is chocolate, right?

and, anybody give you chocolate because you were important? or ate chocolate with somebody? - no, i use chocolate to sabotage myself,so i won't look nice. and the reason why you don't wanna look nice is? - because i'm afraid of relationships.- you knew. alright. alright. listen to this, guys. di... remember i mentioned that earlier? we'll use food to sabotage ourselves.we'll use food to punish ourselves. we'll use food to be mean to ourselves.

and, so, is it really the food?- no. it's me, it's really the attitude we have about ourself.right. -- i would also say to protect yourself from pain. to protect ourse... . well, here's the crazy part. he said 'is it to protect ourself from pain'? the crazy part is: she already has pain. and she's holding onto the pain and, in order to support the pain, we keep doing what? - eating.eating and sabotaging ourself.

which not only supports the pain, it brings more pain.and it also escalates. i mean, it gets bigger and bigger.it's a, it's a vicious cycle. so, if, if, if this programme's inside her,how many diets will it take to fix it? -- none.how many... none. you can take, you can do a hundred diets.it will never sovle the problem. that make sense? so, what we have to do is we have to addressthe real deal. the real deal is, is our attitude about ourself. the real deal is, is the hurts, the memories,

the past that we use to beat ourself up with.you see it? - uh hum.and so, what we wanna do is... of course, you know, i could address the chocolate and we could change a little bit of the chocolate. and the chocolate may representeverything in the past but the emotions will show up there, too, because when we're talking about the chocolate, self-sabotage, i'm being mean to myself. er, punishing myself, abandonment issues,does that make sense?

so, so we're gonna.. you can feel all this now, right? - mmm.i want you to think about it and i want you to make it, er, ten times stronger.okay? and, and, how you do that is you think aboutthe reasons why you wanna sabotage it. think about the people that, that hurt you. or the people you hurt, too.- uh huh. and i want you to feel your hurt, as well, for the last time.- okay. zero: i can't feel it. ten: really strong.can you get it to a ten? - i can get it past a ten.alright, how high can you make it?

- i can make it a twenty.alright. do a twenty. - uh huh.alright. feel it. - yep.make it stronger. make it a thirty. see? she's doing it, right?who's in control of it? she is. alright, now, in your mind, see the tree.the roots are pulled. let it go. right? i release and let it go.- i release and let it go. all my sadness.- all my sadness. all my fears.- all my fears.

angers.- angers. rejections.- rejections. abandonments.- abandonments. all the betrayals.- all the betrayals. i lovingly release and let it go.- i lovingly release and let it go. in the past,- in the past, if you love me,- if you love me, you'd be mean to me.- you'd be mean to me. if you love me,- if you love me,

you'll sabotage me.- you'll sabotage me. you'll punish me.- you'll punish me. i'm tired of that type of love.- i'm tired of that type of love. and all it did was hurt.- and all it did was hurt. it's time to let it go.- it's time to let it go. i lovingly release.- i lovingly release. and let go of the pain.- and let go of the pain. the pain is not me.- the pain is not me. it's not mine.- it's not mine.

i can produce it.- i can produce it. and i can get tired of it.- and i can get tired of it. today.- today. deep breath (inhales & exhales) peace.- peace. alright. now go back to it again.i want you to bring it up to a ten, if you can. (she nods)you got it? do you have a picture with it? you see, what do you see? you or somebody else. you?

look at your face. notice the expression. let it go.- let it go. release and let it go.guys, everybody tap with me. very good, sweety. now, look at your face again. what is the expression? you remember at training class guys?you remember the technique? look at the face. any emotions?

it's lessened, hasn't it?- it's lessened. feel what's left. it's safe now.it's safe now. deep breath. (inhales & exhales) peace.- peace. look at your face again. - a tiny bit. notice the tiny bit. it's safe now.- it's safe now. look at your face again. any emotions?

alright. i want you to drift back in time, maybe a time that you held a little babythat you felt love for. - uh huh.be right there with that baby. feel that love.- i feel it. notice where in your body that you feel it. notice where you feel it. and as you feel that, i want you to look at you, over there and send it to you, cause that's all you really want. send it to her.

send her more.- uh huh. invite her over to you. hold her really tight. is that okay to hold her tight?- uh huh. and whisper in her ear something that she needs to know. listen to her. she wants to tell you something, too. say: i forgive myself.- i forgive myself. for being so hard on myself.- for being so hard on myself. i forgive myself.- i forgive myself.

for punishing myself.- for punishing myself. for sabotaging myself.- for sabotaging myself. it's now time.- it's now time. to love me.- to love me. i've always did the best i could.- i've always did the best i could. based on what i knew at the time.- based on what i knew at the time. the past is over.- the past is over. and i'm here now.- and i'm here now. alright. now, think about it again.

you remember you used to sabotage yourself with food?- uh huh. get you some tissue. thank you, linda.- thank you. i'll keep it. i may need some more. - okay.alright? now, you remember you sabotaged yourself with chocolate? i want you to feel that feeling'i'd sabotage myself with chocolate.' do you still feel that feeling? - not as strong.okay.

chocolate equals love.- chocolate equals love. and i don't know if i deserve that much love. - i don't deserve that much love (laughter) and since chocolate can't love me.- and since chocolate can't love me. i should eat a lot of chocolate.- i should eat a lot of chocolate. you see it? it can't love me.- it can't love me. and that's all i wanted.- that's all i wanted. i was afraid of love.- i was afraid of love.

but now i can love me.- but now i can love me. chocolate's not so important.- chocolate's not so important. alright. how do you feel about chocolate and the sabotager? - i hope i won't do it again. well, you know what? if you do, you can just still love you. and, of course, there's more to this structure. you notice. you know it's really not the chocolate. you notice that, even with the coke, was it really the coke?- no, it's not. so, it's not the food, guys.

it's the meaning you give to the food. and, all you want is the skills, and the abilityto change you. and i highly recommend, there's a seminar coming up.it's gonna start next week it's not about dieting.it's not about starving. it's about learning to love yourself. learning to put food back where it belongs. learning to take control of your emotions, your feelingsand what you do inside you. there's no greater gift than the gift of freedom. and that's what i'll give you.

now i, i realize that a lot of us have stuff within us that we've ran from, we try to run from and the problem is: we take us with us. we take our memories,we take our emotions. we take all of our feelings.all our references. and if you don't like what's in you,learn how to change it. that's what i'm giving you. the ability is to change what you do in here.(points to his head) if you want to lose the weight,gain control of your life.

love yourself. pretty simple?- yes. alright. thank you. give her a hand. subtitles: antoinette iacobucci.

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crash your diet

i keep on getting a lot of questions as to how i am so thin but what i definitely prefer is staying fit and healthy and i definitely watch my diet. so, please forget on crash dieting and starving yourself and living off coffee and cigarettes because, it's not going to work so here are some of the tips that i'm going to give you all to stay healthy

crash your diet, and diet well. i never leave home without one of these. water, which is very essential to keep your body hydrated. a lot of people eat when in actual reality, they are thirsty so they need to drink a lot of water to keep your body replenished

if you feel the need of drinking something besides water, you can always substitute water with herbal or green tea, rather than drinking coffee or all kinds of sodas or soft drinks. i make sure that i constantly eat during fittings or when my schedule is too busy so i either carry some fruit, or some nuts. this is high energy, so it keeps my energy levels up and also increases my metabolism. i'm scared of bloating when i'm modeling a sari or a bikini during a photo shoot or on the runway so my diet consists of rich fiber vegetables, like mushrooms and tomatoes. lastly, i really avoid salt, creamy sauces, vinegar, and soy sauces because it's not really healthy for your body. i substitute it with a lot of lime and natural herbs to spice up my food

and bring on a rich flavor, so this is not for me. so this is it guys. see you soon, to the next episode, until then!

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crash yogurt diet

do you like broccoli? yes, i do. do you like ice cream? do you like broccoli ice cream? no, i don't!

crash yogurt diet, yucky! do you like donuts? do you like juice? do you like donut juice?

no, i don't do you like popcorn? do you like pizza? do you like popcorn pizza? do you like bananas? do you like soup? do you like banana soup? yuck! do you like spaghetti?

do you like yogurt? do you like spaghetti yogurt? do you like cookies? do you like salad? do you like cookie salad? do you like tomatoes? do you like pancakes? do you like tomato pancake? no, i don't.

do you like carrots? do you like cereal? yes, i do do you like carrot cereal? if you're happy, happy, happy, clap your hands. if you're happy, happy, happy, clap your hands, clap your hands. if you're angry, angry, angry, stomp your feet. if you're angry, angry, angry, stomp your feet, stomp your feet. if you're scared, scared, scared, say "oh no!"

"oh no!" if you're scared, scared, scared, say "oh no," say, "oh no!" if you're sleepy, sleepy, sleepy, take a nap. if you're sleepy, sleepy, sleepy, take a nap, take a nap. if you're happy happy, happy, clap your hands, clap your hands. clap, clap, clap your hands clap your hands with me! clap them fast! clap

them slooooow wag your tail like a dog! wag, wag, wag your tail, wag your tail with me! wag it fast! wag! wag it

thump your chest like a gorilla!! thump, thump, thump your chest; thump your chest with me! thump it fast! thump it thump your chest with me bend your knees like a camel bend, bend, bend your knees bend your knees with me

bend them fast bend them slooow wiggle your ears like a hippopotamus wiggle, wiggle, wiggle your ears. wiggle your ears with me! wiggle them fast! wiggle slow wiggle your ears with me~!

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crash veggie diet

yum yum yum yum yum. cookies for dinner again!mario cook something for you very tasty. mario make new cookie. mario give you one of myfavorite meals, spaghetti. no no no no cookie no like spaghetti. cookie only likes cookies.mario thinks you will like it. eat your spaghetti you're fur and bones. spit spit spit, mariobad cook. come to cookie. om om om yum yum. mario will give him a dinner he cannot refuse.bonn apatiet. does cookie see chocolate chips.

crash veggie diet, cookie not sure me still see spaghetti. don'tworry, mario will stuff it in your mouth. what? uh oh is cookie monster okay? chocolatechocolate. yay! mario cooks as good as his mama. mario shares his spaghetti, cookie shareshis cookies. slap! mama mia! yum yum yum yum. cookie no share cookies. thanks for watchingand have a great day.

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crash veg diet

alright, so we all know that person who, every time you say anything, they're like "actually, technically, tomatoes aren't vegetables!" and... i just.. before we do this episode, i just want to encourage you not to be that person

crash veg diet, but, knowing the real classifications of the stuff that we eat can tell you a lot about where fruits and vegetables come from and how they're developed. so it's pretty interesting

just don't use it to be an insufferable pedant. for example, officially speaking, anything that is a root, stem or leaf of a plant qualifies as a vegetable. meaning that some things that you might ordinarily consider a fruit, is actually a vegetable. rhubarb, for instance, we think of a kind of like a fruity thing because it's in pie and it tastes so sweet

but it's the stalk of a plant, so its a vegetable. vegetable pie...who thought of that? corn, zucchini, and green beans, on the other hand all fruit, so are tomatoes. that's because these foods are not roots, stems, or leaves. they're ovaries. hopefully that doesn't make you feel too weird. so yeah, fruits are the ovaries of a flowering plant

that develop after its seeds are fertilized or, sometimes, after they've been triggered to develop without fetilization. from the plant's perspective, surrounding its seeds with something soft and juicy and delicious increases the chances that those seeds will get eaten and then spread around in nice fertile piles of poo. so broccoli and cauliflower are not fruit

even though they are flower buds because they're unopened the flower hasn't transformed. true fruits come in lots of different types and some of them make for excellent anatomy lessons one key factor for botanists in categorizing fruits is is how many ovaries the flower had. so berries by definition are fruits that come from from a single ovary with multiple seeds. that makes grapes, bananas, peppers and tomatoes

all different types of berries. so hold onto your shorts because raspberries and blackberries are something totally different they're called aggregate fruits a whole bunch of little fruits grouped together. and strawberries aren't berries either in fact, the tasty red part of the strawberry isn't even a fruit. its a special kind of plant structure called a fleshy receptacle.

you actually have to look much closer at the receptacle to see the fruit, which are called achenes. they're dry, one-seeded fruits that speckle the red surface of the strawberry sunflowers produce another achene that you probably know as sunflower seeds. nuts are fruits too and their shells are coats developed from the ovary wall. that includes things like chestnuts and hazelnuts

but technically, walnuts and pecans are not nuts, along with other single ovary fruits like peaches and and plums and coconuts, they're called drupes. drupes only have one seed with a distinct skin, covering a fleshy middle layer. in a drupe, the inner layer is often called stone-like, and if you've ever accidentally chomped on a peach pit, you understand why. now if you want to get super fancy with your botanical terminology

raspberries and blackberries are specifically aggregate drupes, and each small section is called a druplet. but many fruits are more than just a ripened flower ovary. take pome fruits, for instance, like apples and pears. pome fruits are known as accessory fruits because there's so much more going on in them than a simple ovary the ovary makes up only the core of the fruit. the flesh of the fruit is actually modified flower petals and sepals, the flower parts that cover a bud

leaving the knobby receptacle at the base of the flower. and when you eat hesperidium fruits you're also getting a mouthful of the unexpected this category includes fruits with tough rinds and little partitions, like lemons and grapefruits and oranges. turns out that those small packed juicy bits in each section, called juice sacs were once tiny hair like cells on the inside of the ovary, but they filled bursting with goodness as the fruit ripened.

so the next time you drink a pulpy glass of oj enjoy your mouthful of fruit hair. thank you for watching this scishow dose which was brought to you by our patrons on patreon who allow us to explore the weird majesty of fruit science. if you want to get behind the scenes pictures or blooper reels or other cool stuff and support us, you can go to patreon.com/scishow and if you wanna keep getting smarter with us

you can always, please, go to youtube.com/scishow.

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crash diets

how to be a healthy teen girl being healthy means many different things for teen girls. building good habits of diet and exercise is important, and so is having good hygiene. being healthy also means having a positive mental attitude, and making safe decisions about your body and behaviors. be healthy to feel confident, look great, and take care of your body choose healthy foods your food is your fuel for your body and brain, so pick good fuel! minimize eating food with lots of sugar, salt, and fat – stay away from fast food, fried food, junk food from the snack aisle like potato chips, canned and processed food, and pastries. amp up your intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat and fat-free dairy, and low-fat protein like fish, chicken, nuts, beans, peas, and lentils.[1] choose healthy snacks like fruit, a handful of nuts, some celery, or a piece of low-fat cheese.if you don’t know how to start to eat healthy, talk to your doctor or a nutritionist. they can help you create a plan that gets you all your needed vitamins, minerals, and calories. you can also check out online resources like this one for some guidance. have good eating habits

crash diets, other than what you eat, how you eat can help you stay healthy and fit.don’t skip breakfast, which provides your body with its first fuel of the day and helps you concentrate. good breakfast foods include fruit, eggs, low-fat milk, cream of wheat, oatmeal, or whole grain toast.pack your lunch for school so you can create a healthy meal for yourself.[3]be involved in shopping and meal planning at home. you can even help the rest of your family to eat healthy![4]your doctor can tell you if you are in a healthy weight range or not. if your doctor advises you to lose weight, control your portion size, i.e. how much you eat at one time.[5] use a smaller plate or bowl, keep a food journal so you can track your servings, and fill most of your plate with fruits and vegetables.[6]be sure to get enough calories! the average teen girl should eat 1,600 to 1,800 calories a day if you’re not very active and 2,200 to 2,400 calories a day if you’re physically active.[7]avoid fad and crash diets. you will easily regain any weight you lose, and these are not good for your body. always talk to your doctor before dieting, or if you have concerns about your weight. maintain a healthy weight. rather than worrying about your weight, think about your body mass index, or bmi. this calculation judges whether you’re a healthy weight for your age and height. you can use this calculator to find out your bmi.[8]a healthy teen bmi falls between the 5th and 85th percentiles – under 5th is underweight, 85th-95th is overweight, and over 95th percentile is considered obese.[9] check your percentile here. drink at least 7 glasses of water every day

keeping your body hydrated will help regulate your metabolism and purify your body. drink at least 7 glasses of water a day to stay hydrated.[10]carry a water bottle with you and sip on water throughout the day. be sure to drink water whenever you’re thirsty.drink more water if it’s hot out or you’re being active.your pee should be light yellow in color.boost your water’s flavor with slices of lemon, lime, or fresh fruit! sleep 8-10 hours every night getting enough sleep improves your attention, focus, and mood.[11] you might not be getting enough sleep if it’s hard to get up in the morning, you fall asleep in class, you can’t concentrate well, or you feel moody or depressed.[12] try to get more sleep by:[13]setting a regular bedtime for yourself.exercising regularly (but not within 3 hours of bedtime so it doesn’t keep you up).avoiding caffeine after 4pm.relaxing before bed with a warm bath or reading.not napping too much during the day.avoiding all-nighters, which throw off your sleep schedule.having good sleep hygiene: keep your lights low at bedtime to signal to your brain it’s time to sleep, keep your room cool and dark overnight, and wake up with bright lights. exercise at least three to five times per week exercise improves your energy, helps you feel good, and reduces stress.[14] try to work up a sweat for at least 20-30 minutes, preferably up to an hour. aerobic exercises – the ones that get your heart pumping and breathing rate up, like running and swimming – are good for your heart and overall health. you can also do specific workouts to target areas of your body, like to get strong abs or legs.if you think going to the gym is boring, try creative ways to work out. go for a bike ride or a challenging hike, join a fitness club, take your dog for a walk, or join a sports team.use a wii or wii fit for indoors activity!jog in place or do squats while watching tv. have good posture. having good posture can improve self-esteem – you can literally walk tall! maintaining healthy posture also minimizes strain on your muscles. there are many exercises that can help. protect your skin from sunburns. you might feel like tanning gives you a healthy glow, but sun damage is really bad for skin – it can cause wrinkles and skin cancer. always wear broad spectrum sunscreen of spf 15 or higher when you go outside, and maybe 30 or higher on your face which gets tons of sun.[15]many moisturizing lotions also contain spf 15 sunscreen. this can be an easy way to keep your skin soft and safe.reapply sunscreen every 2 hours, or after sweating or swimming.wear sunglasses when it’s sunny to protect your eyes from uv light, and the sensitive skin around your eyes.no one should ever use tanning beds because they increase your risk of skin cancer. using tanning beds during adolescence also increases your risk of developing melanoma later in life, which is the deadliest form of skin cancer.[16] tanning sprays and lotions are generally safe, but keep it out of your mouth and eyes.avoid going out into the sun when it is at its brightest, which is usually between 10am and 4pm.

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crash diets.com

as you can see lose weight in a week so easy.are you looking for fastest way lose weight or quickest way lose weight? follow thesetips to lose weight week then click the link for more information.

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crash diets yahoo

(doorbell rings) kk dad, creepy neighbor's back again! okay i got it. uh, hi, can i help you?

crash diets yahoo, yes.. can i have some duct tape? duct tape? yes?

we don't have duct tape. sorry dude. i'll see you later. shawn, is that guy weird? (creepy music intensifies) that guy's weird, huh shawn? yeah. yeah, i don't like that guy... (intro)

what's up everyteevergeevees? alrighty, we are playing this game called "hello, neighbor!" as you saw before, my neighbor, he's creepy. yeah, he's really creepy. you know what? he has, like, something.. ..hidden in his basement.

whoa. yeah, and he just moved into the neighborhood. and i'm gonna find out what it is, because it's a little... a little too creepy, right? mm-hmm. so, dude, me and you have to find out what he's hiding. uh-huh. you up for the journey?

uh-huh! as you can see we're in a room. it looks like this is my bedroom, out there is my street. wha- you hear that? it's very noisy outside and there's like this circle dot in the middle of the screen here. now we have not seen anything about this game, so excuse us if we are noobies. but look, when i-

oh you're lo- but see that? when i go to the door, look! there's like 2- the door looks like it's hot to touch! you wanna open the door? you- press e, i'm scared! euh! euh... ok, alright, it's just another hallway.. little light there...

ehe-chase is going crazy on the e button.. oh dude do we wanna go outside? pre- le- lets see, press that. press e. oh- we could turn the lights off... yeah, let's creep out... ok so we are outside. yep.

this i- wow! our house is... pretty.. big! yeah! i was gonna say.. not in the bestest shape. oh look we can't go back there, there's like a.. there's like a evil something. so where is my neighbor at? like-

it's over there. it is? alright let's see. oh i can pick this up and then... throw! oh! what's tha- open? why would- wha- wha... oh- i can turn off the lights to the neighborhood?! that's brilliant!

can i ride the car? is that a cop car? am i a cop? i must- i'm probably breaking the law without a warrant! oh i can't go in the car... it's not letting me. alright, chase is gonna be my designated e presser. ok, not yet... let's find something. so wait a minute...

wha- is this the house? yes! are we- is this the house i want to sneak into? it's just, like, open! we should go through some of his trash, make sure he's not creepy! or, would that make me creepy? (creepily laughs) what is this thing? that looks creepy-is that a propane tank?

wait press f. press f... oh, okay.. let's throw that.. what's this? f. what is that? well he likes apples. wai- this is his car- wait should we check his-

check his mail? (gasp) wait there's a pikachu in his mail! in his mailbox? pika! that's creepy, he has a pet pikachu! should we try the garage? press e. wha- did you hear that? listen, shh! (creepy music)

oh man, his house sounds creepy... is he inside? ah! right there! where? you saw him? no jump! ok. hello? should we be yelling? oh is that his hat?

i should wear it, how can i put it on my head? lets- put it there. oh man. oh my goodness should we- should we hit the light switch? yes. do it. no no. f. f. no no e. e. e quick! why is it going crazy all the time?

no no! go! go! ok, ok its dark. dude why is his house.. ..so scary? wha- we've got some plants over- (gasp) thank goodness there's like.. ..no sound in the game dude, i am so scared.

me too. should we- it's like- (laughing) (neighbor catches them) gah! he caught us! that was him! (slow-motion) oh my goodness! alright, alright! oh, it's daytime! no, even harder!

even harder.. alright. we have to... we have to be better at this. we have to be better. (spanish talk) what? why are you talking sp- (beep) is that an alarm? wait, what, when i get- aah! aah! he's coming!

no! noo! i can't see! my glasses fell! aaah! dude! what- aah! are you scared? put your glasses on! do you wanna keep playing? okay.

(laughs) alright. did you- did you check your pants for poop? is that what you're doing? no. ok, because i kind of have to. and let's go back out- it's nighttime already? what is he do- is he like keeping me hostage for like.. ..seconds at a time? oh there's a trap!

go go go! he's gonna come! he's coming daddy! we don't know that for sure. should i step on the trap? daddy! he's coming! (bear trap activates) ah! ah i'm stuck! i'm stuck! oh no- aah!

aah! go back to our house! go back to our house! aah-no! what? he caught me... it's daytime. alright, we got this, we got this. it's getting dark. so-wait-what do-what should we do? when you hear the spanish guy, that means he's coming. go go go! he's coming! what? just go around the side like this?

that's his room. he said something about (spanish word). that means "tired" in (spanish word)! (gasp) i found a window! what? wait, i can't get in! oh my goodness... hiya! i'll press shift. hey-ya!

nope. hiya. if we sprint can i run faster? hiya! i can't try from the side. let's hop over the fence. oh i can't! maybe when he caught us, we have to sprint and go to our house and then shut the door. oh, you think? but it wasn't- he's go- daddy!

he's gonna come out of his house! should i ring his doorbell? (doorbell rings) ok, i think i rang it. now, run run run run! (spanish guy talking) ho? (more spanish) okay, i don't think he's coming.

okay, let's just go in. let's just- go inside, go inside. ok, shut the door, shut the door. ok, now what now what now what? let's try this room. ok. (huffing) shut the door. (laughing) this is getting so scary!

alright, i'm in his garage. i seriously have no idea what we're doing here we're in his garage. we have to the basement. why is it so- oh! turn off the light! why is it so hard to get to the basement? what does this do? that turns on the light. that does? mmhmm. should we move- oh wait what?

why is it stacked up like this? no! nono! don't fall! (crashing sounds) he could've heard that! ok, what's this? (spanish guy starts talking again) wait, does that mean he's coming? wait-wha? wha?

how do i turn off the light? alright... throw that. should we go in here? no he's in there. oh no! ah! ah that's his house! what's this one? how many- aaaahhh! guh!

how many doors does the dude have in his garage to get to his house?! (slow motion) he's coming. oh no! nono. aah.. aah! ah! go! do it! ok (x3)

just had to pick my nose real quick alright listen. going this way.. aah... wait, wait wait let me in let me in! can't see anything! ge-wha? what was that? is he?

rrrrrgghh! that wasn't so scary, i could barely see him. he has doors all over his house! (gasp) i f- ah! i forgot about the bear trap! i'm st- why does he have gloves on? "fatal error!"?

yeah! i did die. congratulations for realizing! that's why this scary! (laughs) really scary! oh my gosh, i didn't know this was a scary game like that! i know. alright, is there any bear traps? jump! what? it's open! that's it, we're doing something different this time.

wah! whoa, why is his upstairs barricaded? wait, wha? it's locked? what's in there? can i hide in here? oh yeah, hide. dude, where do we go though? (beep) wha?

oh! oh! wait wha? no the camera caught you. it did? do you think we could hide from him, or.. yeah, we can hide from him. how long should we stay in here? for like 100 minutes. it smells like venomoth balls!

moth balls are things that old people use to keep venomoth from eating their clothes. maybe they're used for young people, but i don't think so. so is that like a dectection system? no that's a camera. can i just pick it up? f. f. f. dude how do we get to that? should i just sprint-run? go go go! (beep)

oh what? it's locked! ok so-aaaaahhh! all the doors were locked! daddy, that's why you should've hid in there! but for how long? i can't hide my entire life! i'm neighborhood watch! oh goodness... that's me-what am i? i'm like an 8-bit creatur-

am i freddy?! dude! i'm not even a human being! i'm like a pixel monster! daddy, he's coming. oh! wait what? this is open? wait what? i've never saw this before! right? what do- ah.. what's he got in the fridge?

go hide in there! i can't get in! it's just an apple! and i'm hungry. let's take one for later. ok, get out of my way. ooh- (beep) ah aah ah ok this room. ok, go. go!

ok, he's not taking a shower. ooh! is that-is he- is he a bottle flipper?! stop playing! can i bottle flip? oh my gosh we're gonna bottle flip! go! aw, i failed! alright ready? and..... go!

do you think we should be bottle flipping or finding out what's in his basement? oh! i almost did a cap flip! you did! pretty much, alright, that's good enough. alright, so wait a minute. should i open this? no, that's a danger room. you sure? is he behind me?

ok, that was scary! i feel like he's in here.. oh this is that back room! what does he burn in there? some pikachus! he's burning his pet pikachu! wait that's me? i wanna see what i look like. hey. i look pretty-

i look pretty handsome. he's coming to this door. (scary music plays) dude, i'm so scared but nothing's happening it's just loud music! ok.. he left. this guy's so dirty, i can, like.. put one in the toilet! i'm gonna have to open it!

ok, run, run, run, run! try this door! quickly! wait what?! (screaming) did i open it?! what is this?! it's a small closet!!! wait..

ok, ru-try this one! quick! ugh! it's closed. open. open! open!! ok. wait wha? go this way.. and now... oh, that's outside!

i don't wanna be outside! we have to find out what's in his basement! the music is scary. i have to check it out. he locked it! no! ah! ah! ah! upstairs?! upstairs? oh gosh..

oh gosh! oh gosh!! aahh! i don't know what we're supposed to do here! this game's legit just scaring me! ok, i'm just gonna run inside. look out for the bear traps! look out for the bear traps.. no bear traps! what? no!

what if i just ring the doorbell? is he nice? (doorbell rung so many times the sound glitches) (and again) i'm ringing the doorbell- hi-no! that's not cool! he's a mean neighbor. i keep on ringing his doorbell! wow! he can come to my house, ring my doorbell,

but when i ring his doorbell, i get grabbed?! oh! jump! now run to your house! run to your house, daddy! well, i don't- but we gotta get ins- wait wait wait! there was a door over here, remember?

so that means we can go in this way! awww! should i check another neighbors house? oh, i can't! it won't let me. no-one likes me in this town! if it's locked, like i don't get it, what are we supposed to do? ow. alright, now i'm definitely gone. i'm gone.

ok, let me go. let me go! aaaaah i was trying to run and jump! alright, i'm stuck. he lo- i'm lo- he locked me inside my own house?! he locked you inside of his- inside of your own house! (giant neighbor scares them)

aaaaaaaahhhhhhhhhh! dude! is he a giant?! can you let me out of my own hou- i'm legit confused right now. (giant neighbor breaks window) ah! what?! oh, it was a dream!

oh... i thought that was a real- i thought he was actually locking us in our house. and that's what i was saying, how is he a giant? i thought, "well duh, now we know what's in the basement." a giant- oh he just went in there! open this- wait wha- daddy stop! he's- (glass breaks) he just broke something...

where's everything that was on his porch? maybe we should keep getting him out. (rapid doorbell ring) quickly! quickly! quickly! i'm stuck on the porch! i'm stuck on the porch! he's right there! he's right there! what's he staring at? i heard a door shut! wait where is- what should i- wha? wha?

dude.. (double doorbell ring) see if i could sneak in there.. (laughs) that didn't work. that was scary! it legit was, and i- an digestion in my throat, i feel like i just ate tacos. and a, um, acid reflux.. and i feel like that changed-

(somehow, the neighbor sees them) who's doing that?! he's trying to get into your house! open it! he's trying to get in my house?! i can't even go to my own backyard! no! i didn't do anything! we're in our own home! well he just doesn't like me! what did i ever do to you?!

well that's it for this gameplay. this is hello neighbor, he's a creepy neighbor, don't know what to do, comment down below if you do know what to do, if we should play again we will play again, but for now my neighbor is not my friend! he's scary man. that dream was probably the creepiest part. i was legit so confused and scared! (outro) don't play anymore, it's too scary! no more?

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crash diets work 3 days

hello friends welcome to fitnessrockers.com generally people stops eating foods for weight loss but its not a right approach for weight loss. its actually unhealthy way. in this video we well share a 1000 carlorie diet plan for weight loss which will help you in weight loss as well as

crash diets work 3 days, keep you healthy will all essential nutrients. so lets start first meal be early morning snacks tak 2 high fiber digestive biscuits with 1 cup lemon green tea

you will get 55 calories from this diet. 2nd meal will be breakfast you can have 1 bowl of poha or upma and sprinkle flex seeds on it also have 1 cup skimmed or double tonned milk with it. this meal will provide you 330 calories. 3rd meal will be mid morning snacks you can consume 1 apple or orange or... any other season fruit but try to avoid

sugary fruits like mangoes, banana, grapes etc. this meal will provide you 50 calories with lots of fibers, vitamins & minerals. 4th meal is lunch here you will consume 1 medium bowl of brown rice or 2 indian bread or rotis made of mix grains with these consume 1 medium bowl cooked lentils or dal, 1 cup low fat yogurt and 1 cup vegetable salad where you can add cucumber, carrot, onion, tomatoes etc.

with this diet will get 330 calories. 5th meal is evening snacks. take 1 apple or orange with 1 cup lemon green team and 2-3 high fiber digestive buiscuits this meal will give you 110 calories. last meal of the day will be dinner. consume 1 large bowl of broccoli or cauliflower salad you can add some more vegetables in it like spinach, carrot, tomatoes etc. sprinkle 1 tablespoon of flexseeds too on it. and also drink 1 glass low fat butter milk with it.

this meal is of approx 150 calories. with this diet plan you will get 1000 - 1100 calories in a day which is which is ideal for weight loss and which include required protein, vit, minerals etc. and thats why its a healthy diet plan too. so, friends start following this diet plan & add atleast 30 mins workout session in your daily routine.. for customized diet plan you can this video

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crash diets with quick results

hi, my name is heather and through this videoi will show you how to lose weight in a month and exactly how to lose 30 pounds in 30 days,so stop everything you�re doing , and watch this video till the end, because i will giveyou for free the diet and exercise routine to follow to lose 30 pounds in 30 days.in fact, after having watched my video, if you click the link in the description below,you can download it for free and since over

crash diets with quick results, 100 women followed it and managed to lose30 pounds in a month, i am sure it will work for you too!if you need to lose 60 pounds, just follow these steps a little longer and you can easilylose 60 pounds in 3 months. now, before we continue and i tell you howto lose 60 pounds in 3 months and how to lose

30 pounds in a month, i just want to tellyou a few things about me and how i became an expert in weigt loss for women.you see, i was not always skinny. in fact,in the past years i didn�t pay any attentionat how i ate, i didn�t exercise and somehow i gained almost 90 pounds. this is a pictureof me�. as you see i was really fat!but you see i realized that i became almost obese, only in one family reunion.one of my nephews, who i haven�t seen in 2 years, saw me and asked me: out heather,what happened to you? you are so fat! all my family heard that and i was so embarrassed!that was the moment when i realized that i have to change something and start losingweight!

because losing weight was so difficult, slowlymy confidence and my self esteem got really low � i�m sure that if you are a womanand you�re overweight , you know how it feels, especially if you want to be sexy!to wake up every morning, look in the mirror and just ne unhappy with the way you look.that was my reality for a long time! i also started to be really worried aboutmy health. i was afraid i might develop diabetes�. i came to a point where i was ashamed to goout of the house. it was a horrible time for me!so i started so many diets, killed myself in the gym, even starved so many times. in6 months i only lost 7 pounds. i was really depressed�.but, i didn�t give up. i wanted to be able

to wear shorts or a bikini at the beach, soi didn�t give up, i found a weight loss system for women, created a daily routineand in 4 and half months i managed to lose 70 pounds.... this is my transformation....even though it was not easy, it was really worth it, because my life is simply amazingright now. my husband is crazy about me, even women are admiring my thighs when i am atthe beach or in the park... then, i started to became even more interestedin fat loss, so i read over 100 books, i went to many nutrition courses and seminars andi am proud to say that i already helped a few hundred women lose weight and change theirlife so, here�s how to lose 30 pounds in a month,how to lose weight in one month, and how to

lose 60 pounds in 3 months easily!normally in order to lose 1 pound per day, you must have a caloric deficit of at least3000 calories. if you exercise daily and stay active, your body consumes about 2000 caloriesper day. if you exercise for about an hour, and combine cardio with lifting weights you�llburn about 500 calories in that workout. so in total, you�ll consume 2500 calories perday. if you follow a 1200 calorie diet, your dailydeficit can be close to 1300 calories daily, but that�s still not enough, because inorder to lose 30 pounds in a month, you need to burn another 1700 calories each day. so,you�ll have to force your body to burn more calories each day! the good news is that youcan do it in a healthy way, but you�ll have

to work for it!so, i have a few great fat loss tips for you and a great video, which will teach you howto boost your metabolism so much that you�ll lose a lot of weight in one month. but beforei the tips, there�s something very important: hope! there are so many women that want tolose weight but don�t have hope. they hate the way they look , they start but they don�treally expect to look better. so, don�t be like that, be positive about your future,appreciate yourself, so, tip # 1 is to drink 3 liters of watermixed with fresh lemon juice every day. this will detoxify your body and clean your liverand colon of toxins. and first thing in the morning, drink half liter of this lemon water.tip #2 is to do an intense workout in the

morning, a combination of cardio and strengthexercises, mostly on your lower body. this will boost your metabolism and even thoughit�s hard to believe, you will have more energy throughout the day if you do it. infact, in the link below the video, you�ll get for free a workout that takes only 20minutes to do and burns almost 300 calories. tip #3 is to consume a maximum of 1200 caloriesper day. even though many will say that 1200 calories is not enough. but, if you take carbsfrom fresh veggies, eat enough fibers, vitamins and proteins, you�ll have enough energyto do 2 workouts per day. and because i really want to help you, i have a diet plan for you,for the first 7 days. just click the link below the video to get it for free! this ishow to lose 30 lbs in a month for women.

tip #4 is to use a massage brush and massageyour lower body, even your arms, daily. this increases blood flow and boost metabolism,and it is great for losing fat from thighs, butt and belly. i got mine on amazon, andif you click the link below, i will give you a coupon code to get it for only $13.tip #5 is stay active. walk to work, clicmb the stairs, wash the dishes by hand, do whateveryou can to keep your blood moving. i recommend you take some dancing lessons, during a salsaclass you will burn about 700 calories. i also recommend doing a second workout in theafternoon, but this one focused on lifting weights, so that you will build some muscles,because these muscles will use a lot of calories. tip no 6 is about your hormones, and theyare the most important in fat loss and key

to burning those 1700 calories per day, andlosing 30 pounds in 30 days. so, i have a great video for you from a worldclass weight loss expert and it will teach you how to fix the one hormone that controlyour body�s ability to burn fat and how to boost your female metabolism with over52 %. and the foods and the exercises that burn the most fat in female bodies. just clickthe link below the video to watch it for free. i also want to give you for free a list withall the weight loss mistakes i did in the past , so you can avoid them and the exactroutine i followed to lose so much weight � even give my favorite 1200 daily calorieplan, so that you are never hungry, but burn a lot of fat.you will also get a great book , called �the

no. 1 metabolism boosting tip for women�and it will teach you everything about your female body and how to help it lose weightfast! so, just click below the video and get thevideo to learn how to boost your metabolism with 52%, my mistakes and my exact daily routine,the diet plan for 7 days and the morning workout and the ebook, all for free. just click itright now and lose 30 pounds in one months so you can get back to you skinny jeans!if you liked my video about losing 30 pounds in 30 days, losing 60 pounds in 3 months andlosing weight in a month for women, share this link.

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crash diets with exercise

how to be a healthy teen girl being healthy means many different things for teen girls. building good habits of diet and exercise is important, and so is having good hygiene. being healthy also means having a positive mental attitude, and making safe decisions about your body and behaviors. be healthy to feel confident, look great, and take care of your body choose healthy foods your food is your fuel for your body and brain, so pick good fuel! minimize eating food with lots of sugar, salt, and fat – stay away from fast food, fried food, junk food from the snack aisle like potato chips, canned and processed food, and pastries. amp up your intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat and fat-free dairy, and low-fat protein like fish, chicken, nuts, beans, peas, and lentils.[1] choose healthy snacks like fruit, a handful of nuts, some celery, or a piece of low-fat cheese.if you don’t know how to start to eat healthy, talk to your doctor or a nutritionist. they can help you create a plan that gets you all your needed vitamins, minerals, and calories. you can also check out online resources like this one for some guidance. have good eating habits

crash diets with exercise, other than what you eat, how you eat can help you stay healthy and fit.don’t skip breakfast, which provides your body with its first fuel of the day and helps you concentrate. good breakfast foods include fruit, eggs, low-fat milk, cream of wheat, oatmeal, or whole grain toast.pack your lunch for school so you can create a healthy meal for yourself.[3]be involved in shopping and meal planning at home. you can even help the rest of your family to eat healthy![4]your doctor can tell you if you are in a healthy weight range or not. if your doctor advises you to lose weight, control your portion size, i.e. how much you eat at one time.[5] use a smaller plate or bowl, keep a food journal so you can track your servings, and fill most of your plate with fruits and vegetables.[6]be sure to get enough calories! the average teen girl should eat 1,600 to 1,800 calories a day if you’re not very active and 2,200 to 2,400 calories a day if you’re physically active.[7]avoid fad and crash diets. you will easily regain any weight you lose, and these are not good for your body. always talk to your doctor before dieting, or if you have concerns about your weight. maintain a healthy weight. rather than worrying about your weight, think about your body mass index, or bmi. this calculation judges whether you’re a healthy weight for your age and height. you can use this calculator to find out your bmi.[8]a healthy teen bmi falls between the 5th and 85th percentiles – under 5th is underweight, 85th-95th is overweight, and over 95th percentile is considered obese.[9] check your percentile here. drink at least 7 glasses of water every day

keeping your body hydrated will help regulate your metabolism and purify your body. drink at least 7 glasses of water a day to stay hydrated.[10]carry a water bottle with you and sip on water throughout the day. be sure to drink water whenever you’re thirsty.drink more water if it’s hot out or you’re being active.your pee should be light yellow in color.boost your water’s flavor with slices of lemon, lime, or fresh fruit! sleep 8-10 hours every night getting enough sleep improves your attention, focus, and mood.[11] you might not be getting enough sleep if it’s hard to get up in the morning, you fall asleep in class, you can’t concentrate well, or you feel moody or depressed.[12] try to get more sleep by:[13]setting a regular bedtime for yourself.exercising regularly (but not within 3 hours of bedtime so it doesn’t keep you up).avoiding caffeine after 4pm.relaxing before bed with a warm bath or reading.not napping too much during the day.avoiding all-nighters, which throw off your sleep schedule.having good sleep hygiene: keep your lights low at bedtime to signal to your brain it’s time to sleep, keep your room cool and dark overnight, and wake up with bright lights. exercise at least three to five times per week exercise improves your energy, helps you feel good, and reduces stress.[14] try to work up a sweat for at least 20-30 minutes, preferably up to an hour. aerobic exercises – the ones that get your heart pumping and breathing rate up, like running and swimming – are good for your heart and overall health. you can also do specific workouts to target areas of your body, like to get strong abs or legs.if you think going to the gym is boring, try creative ways to work out. go for a bike ride or a challenging hike, join a fitness club, take your dog for a walk, or join a sports team.use a wii or wii fit for indoors activity!jog in place or do squats while watching tv. have good posture. having good posture can improve self-esteem – you can literally walk tall! maintaining healthy posture also minimizes strain on your muscles. there are many exercises that can help. protect your skin from sunburns. you might feel like tanning gives you a healthy glow, but sun damage is really bad for skin – it can cause wrinkles and skin cancer. always wear broad spectrum sunscreen of spf 15 or higher when you go outside, and maybe 30 or higher on your face which gets tons of sun.[15]many moisturizing lotions also contain spf 15 sunscreen. this can be an easy way to keep your skin soft and safe.reapply sunscreen every 2 hours, or after sweating or swimming.wear sunglasses when it’s sunny to protect your eyes from uv light, and the sensitive skin around your eyes.no one should ever use tanning beds because they increase your risk of skin cancer. using tanning beds during adolescence also increases your risk of developing melanoma later in life, which is the deadliest form of skin cancer.[16] tanning sprays and lotions are generally safe, but keep it out of your mouth and eyes.avoid going out into the sun when it is at its brightest, which is usually between 10am and 4pm.

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crash diets with best results

yes! you lost 5 i lost 7. so together we lost12 pounds. right now i'm not feeling the best about my body. it's not an attractive bodybut it's not not an attractive body, it's a medium. i feel pretty medium about my bodyas well. yeah and this um.. like my least favorite foods are what i have to eat. ohthank you. one piece of bread for, how's that gonna work? we got bananas, we got hot dogs.this has to last us 3 days. i'm not looking

crash diets with best results, forward to day 3 lunch. one egg and one slicebread. looks pretty sh*tty. day 1 lunch and i'm already about to kill myself. so i'm inbed right now and i'm honestly so hungry. i don't know how i'm gonna go another day.we just finished up day 1 of the military diet and we're alive! so it's 3 o clock andi'm sitting here at work and i am so hungry.

we are sticking to it. this is the worst daybecause we had like, just like, bless you babe, thank you, we had like ridiculous littlesnacks. but i wanna eat. we gotta get weighed in. yeah she wanna eat. as you can see itis kind of weighing in on one of us mentally. yeah i think it sucks while you're doing itbut then when you see the results of it, it actually is kind of worth it. yes! 118.6!we lost 10 pounds total. yeah. i was really snippy with him the last day. i could feelit like, once he complained i'm like shut up! oh yeah! we lost 12 pounds, we did it,we beat you, we're the best, we lost them all.

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crash diets wikipedia

- i bet you think you've seen it all, ha? (laughs) yeah, keep watching. so advertising has beenaround for a very long time, and it's a tough business

crash diets wikipedia, especially in today's world where the average person is subjected to as many as 5000 advertisements a day. but somewhere along the line,

somebody figured out how tobreak through all of that noise. publicity stunts. like advertisements on steroids, these often shocking or evendangerous events are designed to grab your attention at all costs. so today we're lookingat the most effective, the most interesting, and even the mostdangerous publicity stunts ever carried out.

and trust me, you won'tbe expecting these. so let's get right into it. these are the 10 craziestpublicity stunts of all time. number one is the leap from space. on october 14, 1947, chuck yeager, an air force officer and test pilot, was the first person everto break the sound barrier in a rocket powered aircraft. exactly 65 years later, in new mexico,

red bull decided to help anaustrian man do the same. the only thing is, they decided to do it without the use of a plane. in a gigantic publicity stunt, 43 year old felix baumgartnerbecame the second person in history to break the sound barrier without any engine power. he climbed in a balloon to38,969 meters above earth and then jumped, literallyfrom the edge of space.

felix's plunge from earth's stratosphere took over nine minutes and had him moving at nearly1,358 kilometers per hour for most of it. the feat was watched byover 52 million people through webcasts alone. not to mention the millionswho watched it on live tv or played the feed on loop. baumgartner's stunt becamethe most watched live stream

in history and managed to raisered bull's sales by over 7%. number two is the frozen man. some magicians do card tricks, while others pull bunnies out of a hat, while others encase themselvesin a giant block of ice. quite simply the leader in the field of magical publicity stunts, blaine rarely disappoints. on november 27, 2000 intimes square, new york city,

the magic man had himself encased in a colossal block of ice. a stunt that he called, frozen in time. using only three tubes, one for air, one for water and one for urine, blaine stood on the spotfor nearly 64 hours, remaining in complete view of the public through the thick blocks of ice. once his time was up,

chainsaws were needed tofree him from the ice, and he was rushed to thenearest hospital due to fears that he might go into shock. though he claims that it took over a month to recover from the publicity stunt, blaine would go on to do evenmore endurance filled feats. these included standing on a30 metre high pole for 35 hours and living in a glass boxwithout food for 44 days. number three is the skydiving car.

it's one thing for a personto want to live dangerously by doing things crazy,like bungee jumping, hang gliding or skydivingbut when a car does it, we're on a whole new level of insanity. to promote their new car,the sonic sedan in a fresh, cool and exciting way,chevrolet decided to show that their new model had itsown thirst for adventure. on september 22, 2011, the company had fiveprofessional skydivers,

armed with cameras, leap from a plane high overthe arizona desert with a car. yes that's right. a car rolled off a c-130 plane at 4.3 kilometers in the air just to show that it enjoyed new things. the entire thing was captured on a total of 27 different cameras,all from different angles. according to the production company,

though a parachute didopen to slow down the car from its free fall, the sedan did in fact manage to scrape against a treescratching the paint a little bit. but that was it. otherwise the vehicle wassurprisingly undamaged. number four are the giant dice. with many super popular online casinos and gambling websitesalready holding a big chunk

of the market. it takes a big move for a new company to get in on that action. and what bigger movecould there possibly be than the world's largestdice rolling down the side of a mountain. well, that's exactly whatthe marketing team behind gnuf.com thought when theybuilt a pair of two metre tall, half ton solid steel dice

and dropped them onto a snowy mountain in nuuk, greenland. in order to drop these dice, the team had to acquire ahelicopter that was designed to handle extreme conditions, including ridiculously cold temperatures and the wind that you would expect to feel when hovering above a mountain. the publicity stunt tookplace in mid december of 2007.

people could actually watchthese giant dice roll on their side and even bet on the outcome which was revealed onoctober 2007 to be both ones. snake eyes. now that is definitely a coolway to launch your website. number five is the giant popsicle. obviously the marketing genius who thought up this nextpublicity stunt was not aware that ice, you know melts.

to promote their new drinkflavor, kiwi strawberry, snapple attempted to breaka guinness world record by creating the largest popsicle ever and having it stand upfor everybody to gawk at. but you might be wonderingwhat's the problem with that big idea? well they tried this in union square in new york city on june 21, 2005. the first day of thesummer season at high noon

when the warm sun's rayswere ready to destroy any ice that it could find. clearly this wasn't going to end well but snapple's team pressed on. as you have likely predicted by now, the 17 and a half tonpopsicle that they attempted to lift by crane becamea 17 and a half ton river of slushy pink snapple sludge that literally had peoplerunning to escape it.

police actually had to close off streets, and even firefightersshowed up to help deal with the flow of sticky pink water that made its way down east 17th street. number six is the trainwreck. not only have publicity stuntsbeen around for centuries, they've been going wrong forjust about the same amount of time. if you're looking for a good example

then look no further thanthe little train wreck of a stunt that took placeon september 15, 1896, when william crush decided the best way to get his company's nameinto peoples minds was to stage a huge spectacle. specifically and accidentinvolving two full sized trains. crush actually built hisown small town for the event which he appropriately called crush texas with circus tents and hand dug wells.

william invited tens ofthousands of people to come and witness this ridiculous display and unbelievably over40,000 witnesses showed up. believe it or not, this actually made crush thesecond largest city in texas for only that one day. however sadly the spectaclewent horribly wrong when the two trains thatcrashed head on into each other, had their engine's boilers explode

and that wasn't good. multiple people were injured and even a few lost their lives. william crush was quickly fired from his railway job over the stunt. number seven is the bomb scare. it's one thing to say thatyour marketing campaign bombed but it's another to use an actual bomb. on april 28, 2006,

the promotion team behind the mega star tom cruise's new moviemission impossible iii, created what they felt wouldbe a unique marketing campaign. they decided to put red boxes with wires protruding from them in coin operated newspaper dispensers all around los angeles. these boxes would playthe movies theme song when the stand's door was opened,

leading the newspaper purchaser to believe that they were part of somebig action bomb defusing scene. see, these music boxes lookedvery much like actual bombs. so much so that it causeda little teeny tiny panic. no, it was a big panic. police were notified en masse about these suspicious packagesinside newspaper stands and took action, actuallycalling in the bomb squad. the bomb squad evendetonated some of their

own explosives to destroy someof the stands out of safety. number eight is thenatural beauty campaign. more often than not, when a company advertisestheir products or services, they use super thin models, many of which are alreadyhuge hollywood celebrities or mega fashion runway icons, however in an attempt to change the way that the world sees advertising

and potentially beauty itself, dove, a personal care brand owned by unilever, launched a giant ad campaignthat included print ads, commercials, online video, workshops and much more that showed off their brand in a daring new way. instead of choosing supermodels, the company chose ordinarywomen with natural curves of all body sizes.

company representativesand publicists explained that dove's idea was to show everyone how naturally beautiful every woman is. the inspiring campaign that showed that everybody can be confident and comfortable in theirown skin was a huge success. in fact, dove saw their sales rocket 700%. number nine is the bubble wrapped street. if you knew someone that you cared about

that was accident prone, you would likely do your best to keep them as safe as possible. right? well it turns out that thepeople over at confused.com, a car insurance comparison website, have a similar thought process but they went a little extreme with it. they decided to go to worktrying to make some people that were accident prone feel a bit safer.

on january 27, 2010, the company's marketingteam launched a campaign in a big way, when they covered nearly everything in somerville road in worchester,uk in bubble wrap all to raise awareness of safedriving for the winter months. everything from theoutside of houses to trees and bushes to fire hydrants and even doghouses gotthe bubble wrap treatment.

the company chose thatstreet in particular as they discovered that the homes on that street generated the largest number of accident claims in allof the united kingdom. it took eight men over twelve hours to pull off the publicity stunt and they used over 1500 square meters of bubble wrap just to do it. and number ten is the voluntary blackout.

we end this list with a veryimportant publicity stunt that continues annually to this day that you've probably heard of. earth hour. to help keep the awarenessof being eco-friendly in our minds, and to help theearth itself out a little bit, a pr stunt was created by the world wide fund for nature itself. on march 31, 2007,

between the hours of 7:30and 8:30 p.m. local time, in sydney, australia, 2.2 million people tookpart in an endeavour which saw them turning off all of their non-essentiallights and electronics. by 2008, the entire world had taken notice and today over 50million people take part. in order to draw furtherawareness to the global impact that climate change has on our planet,

even famous landmarkslike the eiffel tower, golden gate bridge andbuckingham palace get in on the voluntary blackout every year. but i want to know fromyou guys in the comments. which publicity stunt onthis list was the craziest or more dangerous or is the one that i might have missed that you have heard about in the past? but as always, thank youguys so much for watching.

remember to subscribe to my channel and turn on notificationsby clicking the bell next to the subscribe button so thatyou can catch my next video. on the right, you'll findtwo of my most recent videos that you can press or clickon your screen right now in case you missed them and of course don't forget to check out my second vlog channel in the description below.

and that's it. i'll see you next video. bye. (imitates whale)

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crash diets wiki

hello, and welcome to crash course astronomy!i’m your host, phil plait, and i’ll be taking you on a guided tour of the entireuniverse. you might want to pack a lunch. over the course of this series we’ll exploreplanets, stars, black holes, galaxies, subatomic particles, and even the eventual fate of theuniverse itself. but before we step into space, let’s takea step back. i wanna talk to you about science.

crash diets wiki, there are lots of definitions of science,but i’ll say that it’s a body of knowledge, and a method of how we learned that knowledge. science tells us that stuff we know may notbe perfectly known; it may be partly or entirely wrong. we need to watch the universe, seehow it behaves, make guesses about why it’s

doing what it’s doing, and then try to thinkof ways to support or disprove those ideas. that last part is important. science mustbe, above all else, honest if we really want to get to the bottom of things. understanding that our understanding mightbe wrong is essential, and trying to figure out the ways we may be mistaken is the onlyway that science can help us find our way to the truth, or at least the nearest approximationto it. science learns. we meander a bit as we useit, but in the long run we get ever closer to understanding reality, and that is thestrength of science. and it’s all around us! whether you know it or not, you’re soaking in science.

you’re a primate. you have mass. mitochondria in your cells are generating energy. presumably,you’re breathing oxygen. but astronomy is different. it’s still science, ofcourse, but astronomy puts you in your place. because of astronomy, i know we’re standingon a sphere of mostly molten rock and metal 13,000 kilometers across, with a fuzzy atmosphereabout 100 km high, surrounded by a magnetic field that protects us from the onslaughtof subatomic particles from the sun 150 million km away, which is also flooding space withlight that reaches across space, to illuminate the planets, asteroids, dust, and comets,racing out past the kuiper belt, through the oort cloud, into interstellar space, pastthe nearest stars, which orbit along with

gas clouds and dust lanes in a gigantic spiralgalaxy we call the milky way that has a supermassive black hole in its center, and is surroundedby 150 globular clusters and a halo of dark matter and dwarf galaxies, some of which it’seating, all of which can be seen by other galaxies in our local group like andromedaand triangulum, and our group is on the outskirts of the virgo galaxy cluster, which is partof the virgo supercluster, which is just one of many other gigantic structures that stretchmost of the way across the visible universe, which is 90-billion light years across andexpanding every day, even faster today than yesterday due to mysterious dark energy, andeven all that might be part of an infinitely larger multiverse that extends forever bothin time and space.

see? astronomy puts you in your place. but what exactly is astronomy? this isn’tnecessarily an obvious thing to ask. when i was a kid, it was easy: astronomy is thestudy of things in the sky. the sun, moon, stars, galaxies, and stuff like that. butit’s not so easy to pigeonhole these days. take, for example, mars. when i haul my ‘scopeout to the end of my driveway and look at mars, that’s astronomy, right? of course!but what about the rovers there? those machines aren’t doing astronomy, surely. they’redoing chemistry, geology, hydrology, petrology… everything but astronomy! so nowadays, what’s astronomy? i’d sayit’s still studying stuff in the sky, but

it’s branched out quite a bit from there.borders between it and other fields of science are fuzzy… a theme i’ll be hitting onseveral times over this series. humans might like firm, delineated boundaries between things,but nature isn’t so picky. and that brings us to our first edition of“focus on…” this week’s topic: astronomers! who arewe? what do we do? i used to look through telescopes for a living,or at least study the data that came from detectors strapped onto them. but now i talkand write (and make videos) about astronomy, and relegate my viewing to my personal backyardtelescope. but i still consider myself an astronomer, so that should give you an idea thatthere’s a lot of wiggle room in the profession.

in fact, when i worked on hubble space telescope,i was actually hired as... a programmer! i coded in the language used by the folkshelping to build and calibrate a camera that was due to launch into space and be installedonto hubble by an astronaut. once the data from that camera are taken andanalyzed, you have to know what to do with them. do the observations fit the physicalmodel of how stars blow up, or how galaxies form, or the way gas flows through space?well, you better know your math and physics, because that’s how we test our hypotheses.and someone who does that is generally called an astrophysicist. of course, those telescopes and detectorsdon’t create themselves. we need engineers

to design and build them and technicians touse them. most astronomers don’t actually use thetelescopes themselves anymore; someone who’s trained in their specific use does that forthem. some of those instruments go into space, andsome go to other worlds, like the moon and mars. we need astronomers and engineers andsoftware programmers who can build those, too. and then, at the end of all this, we needpeople to tell you all about it. teachers, professors, writers, video makers, even artists. so i’ll tell you what: if you have an interestin the universe, if you love to look up at the stars, if you crave to understand what’sgoing on literally over your head, then who

am i to say you’re not an astronomer? however you define astronomy, humans havebeen looking up at the sky for as long as we’ve been humans.certainly ancient people noticed the big glowy ball in the sky, and how it lit everythingup while it was up, and how it got dark when it was gone. the other, fainter glowy thingtried, but wasn’t quite as good as lighting up the night. they probably took that sortof thing pretty seriously. they probably also noticed that when certain stars appeared inthe sky, the weather started getting warmer and the days longer, and when other starswere seen, the weather would get colder and daytime shorten.

and when humans settled down, discovered agriculture,and started farming, noticing those patterns in the sky would have had an even greaterimpact. it told them when to plant seeds, and when to harvest. the cycles in the sky became pretty important.so important that it wasn’t hard to imagine gods up there, looking down on us weak andridiculous humans, interfering with our lives. surely if the stars tell us when to plant,and control the weather, seasons, and the length of the day, they control our livestoo… and astrology was born. astrology literally means “study of thestars”; as a word it’s been used before science became a formal method of studyingnature. it irks me a bit, since it got the

good name, and now we’re stuck with “astronomy,”which means “law or culture of the stars." that’s not really what we do! but what theheck. words change meaning over time, and now it’s pretty well understood that astronomyis science, and astrology… isn’t. millennia ago, astrology was as close to scienceas you got. it had some of the flavors of science: astrologers observed the skies, madepredictions about how it would affect people, and then those people would provide evidencefor it by swearing up and down it worked. the thing is, it really didn’t; the faultof astrology lies in ourselves and not our stars. people tend to remember the hits andforget the misses when predictions are made, which is why they sometimes sit in casinospumping nickels into machines that are in

proven to be nothing more than a method forreducing the number of nickels you have. but astrology led to people to really studythe sky, and find the patterns there, which led to a more rigorous understanding of howthings worked in the heavenly vault. it wasn’t overnight, of course. this tookcenturies. before the invention of the telescope, keen observers built all sorts of odd andwonderful devices to measure the heavens, and in fact it was before the telescope wasfirst turned to the sky that a huge revolution in astronomy took place. it is patently obvious that the ground youstand on is fixed, rooted if you will, and the skies turn above us. the sun rises, thesun sets. the moon rises and sets, the stars

themselves wheel around the sky at night.clearly, the earth is motionless, and the sky is what is actually moving.in fact, if you think about it, geocentrism makes perfect sense that all the objects inthe sky revolve about the earth, and are fixed to a series of nested spheres, some of whichare transparent, maybe made of crystal, which spin once per day. the stars may just be holes in theotherwise opaque sphere, letting sunlight though. sounds silly to you, doesn’t it? well, here’s the thing: if you don’t havetoday’s modern understanding of how the cosmos works, this whole multiple-shells-of-things-in-the-sky thing actually does make sense. it explains a lot of what’s going on over your head,and if it was good enough for plato, aristotle,

and ptolemy, then by god it was good enoughfor you. and speaking of which, it was endorsed by the major religions of the time, so maybeit’s better if you just nod and agree and don’t think about it too hard. but a few centuries ago things changed. althoughhe wasn’t the first, the polish mathematician and astronomer copernicus came up with theidea that the sun was the center of the solar system, not the earth. his ideas had problems,which we’ll get to in a later episode, but it did an incrementally better job than geocentrism. and then along came tycho brahe and johanneskepler, who modified that system, making it even better. then isaac newton - oh, newton- he invented calculus partly to help him

understand the way objects moved in space.over time, our math got better, our physics got better, and our understanding grew. appliedmath was a revolution in astronomy, and then the use of telescopes was another.galileo didn’t invent the telescope, by the way, but made them better; newton inventeda new kind that was even better than that, and we’ve run with the idea from there. then, about a century or so ago, came anotherrevolution: photography. we could capture much fainter objects on glass plates sprayedwith light-sensitive chemicals, which revealed stars otherwise invisible to us, details in galaxies,beautiful clouds of gas and dust in space. and then in the latter half of the last century,digital detectors were invented, which were

even more sensitive than film. we could usecomputers to directly analyze observations, and our knowledge leaped again. when thesewere coupled with telescopes sent in orbit around the earth - where our roiling and boilingatmosphere doesn’t blur out observations - we began yet another revolution. and where are we now? we’ve come such a long way! what questionscan we routinely ask that our ancestors would not have dared, what statements made witha pretty good degree of certainty? think on this: the lights in the sky are stars!there are other worlds. we take the idea of looking for life on alien planets seriously,and spend billions of dollars doing it. our

galaxy is one of a hundred billion others.we can only directly see 4% of the universe. stars explode, and when they do they createthe stuff of life: the iron in our blood, the calcium in our bones, the phosphorus thatis the backbone of our dna. the most common kind of star in the universe is so faint youcan’t see it without a telescope. our solar system is filled to overflowing with worldsmore bizarre than we could have dreamed. nature has more imagination than we do. itcomes up with some nutty stuff. we’re clever too, we big-brained apes. we’ve learneda lot… but there’s still a long way to go. so, with that, i think we’re ready. let’sexplore the universe. today you learned what astronomy is, and thatastronomers aren’t just people who operate

telescopes, but include mathematicians, engineers,technicians, programmers, and even artists. we also wrapped up with a quick history ofthe origins and development of astronomy, from ancient observers to the hubble spacetelescope. crash course is produced in association with pbs digital studios. this episode was written by me, phil plait.the script was edited by blake de pastino, and our consultant is dr. michelle thaller.it was co-directed by nicholas jenkins and michael aranda, and the graphics team is thoughtcafã©.

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